Need For Innovative Techniques Research Articles

Shrimp industry in China: overview of the trends in the production, imports and exports during the last two decades, challenges, and outlook

China’s shrimp farming industry has experienced significant growth in recent years. With such a development, some major constraints linked to the industry’s sustainable development have emerged. This paper aims to present an overview of China’s shrimp industry over the last two decades, with special attention to farm-raised shrimp both in marine and inland waters. Documentary research on its recent evolution was carried out based on data collected from China Fishery Statistics Yearbooks 2003 to 2022 coupled with data from FAO. Findings indicated that there has been an upward trend in China’s total shrimp production over the last 20 years, with a growth rate of 120%, representing an average annual growth rate of 4.3%. The observed higher shrimp production was driven by expanded shrimp aquaculture production, with major species dominated by the Pacific whiteleg shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei), the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), the Chinese shrimp (Penaeus chinensis), and the Japanese prawn (Penaeus japonicus). Challenges associated with the intensification of the production and the driven environmental deterioration need to be properly addressed. First, the shrimp farming industry should be practiced while considering both environment and ecosystem protection. Applying such an organic farming principle presupposes some practices for addressing the existing issues threatening the sustainable growth of the industry. To that end, there is a need for innovative techniques that should be strengthened. Second, possible solutions to shrimp disease problems, namely prevention, early diagnosis, and various control techniques, should also be developed and improved, with an emphasis on the former. In addition, encouraging the use of good-quality feed in appropriate quantity and form is also of paramount importance. It is thus worth noting that further policies need to focus on promoting a large range of ecological shrimp aquaculture technologies that should be encouraged among farmers.

Application of ultrasound technology for the effective management of waste from fruit and vegetable

Food waste presents a continuous challenge for the food industry, leading to environmental pollution and economic issues. A substantial amount of waste, including by-products from fruits and vegetables, non-edible food items, and other waste materials, is produced throughout the food supply chain, from production to consumption. Recycling and valorizing waste from perishable goods is emerging as a key multidisciplinary approach within the circular bio-economy framework. This waste, rich in raw by-products, can be repurposed as a natural source of ingredients. Researchers increasingly focus on biomass valorization to extract and use components that add significant value. Traditional methods for extracting these bio-compounds typically require the use of solvents and are time-consuming, underscoring the need for innovative techniques like ultrasound (US) extraction. Wastes from the processing of fruits and vegetables in the food industry can be used to develop functional foods and edible coatings, offering protection against various environmental factors. This comprehensive review paper discusses the valorization of waste from perishable items like fruits and vegetables using US technology, not only to extract valuable components from waste but also to treat wastewater in the beverage industry. It also covers the application of biomolecules recovered from this process in the development of functional foods and packaging.

Artificial intelligence in time-lapse system: advances, applications, and future perspectives in reproductive medicine.

With the rising demand for in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, there is a growing need for innovative techniques to optimize procedure outcomes. One such technique is time-lapse system (TLS) for embryo incubation, which minimizes environmental changes in the embryo culture process. TLS also significantly advances predicting embryo quality, a crucial determinant of IVF cycle success. However, the current subjective nature of embryo assessments is due to inter- and intra-observer subjectivity, resulting in highly variable results. To address this challenge, reproductive medicine has gradually turned to artificial intelligence (AI) to establish a standardized and objective approach, aiming to achieve higher success rates. Extensive research is underway investigating the utilization of AI in TLS to predict multiple outcomes. These studies explore the application of popular AI algorithms, their specific implementations, and the achieved advancements in TLS. This review aims to provide an overview of the advances in AI algorithms and their particular applications within the context of TLS and the potential challenges and opportunities for further advancements in reproductive medicine.

Effect of graphene oxide nanoparticles on in vitro growth of Fragaria x ananassa (Cameron Highlands white Strawberry) and evaluation of genetic stability using DAMD and ISSR markers

Graphene oxide (GO) is a novel nanomaterial with distinct physical properties and significant biological applications. The use of GO in plant tissue culture offers several new properties and potential applications. This research is vital due to the growing need for innovative techniques to promote plant growth, improve plant productivity and mitigate challenges posed by environmental stressors. This study focused on the rare Cameron Highlands white strawberry plants (Fragaria x ananassa) and addressed issues such as callus production during direct shoot induction and hyperhydricity. The research aimed to investigate the effects of GO on the regeneration process and genetic stability of white strawberry plants and to use molecular markers to ensure that plants propagated in vitro are true to type. For this purpose, shoot tip explants were used and different concentrations of GO (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10 mg/L) were added to the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium for six weeks. The results showed that the optimum concentration for promoting the development of white strawberry seedlings was 7.5 mg/L of GO. The study also revealed that the addition of 7.5 mg/L GO in combination with 8 μM TDZ to the MS medium facilitated the induction of multiple shoots. Moreover, the clonal fidelity of the in vitro plants treated with GO showed a genetic similarity of over 97%. These results confirm that lower GO concentrations improve plant development and stability. Consequently, this nanomaterial has a positive effect on the growth of strawberry plants and is therefore well suited for strawberry tissue culture.

Femtosecond laser-induced crystallization in Er/Yb:BaTiO3 perovskite films: Effects on the optical and electrical properties

Femtosecond laser-induced crystallization in Er3+/Yb3+:BaTiO3 (BTEY) perovskite films has sparked significant research interest in materials science and photonics, driven by the need for innovative techniques to control material properties and exploit their potential. Our study delves into this burgeoning area by demonstrating the controlled crystallization of amorphous BTEY thin films under femtosecond laser (fs-laser) irradiation at 1030 nm. The threshold fluence to achieve laser processing was determined as approximately 1.1 J/cm2 at 1 kHz, as well as the irradiation conditions for crystallization (pulse energy, repetition rate, and scanning speed), whose background mechanism is discussed. Our Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed crystallization when irradiation was carried out at 1 kHz repetition rate, while no evidence of the crystalline phase of BTEY emerged at 1 MHz irradiation. Moreover, our results reveal a remarkable increase in luminescence enhancement and surface potential (∼65 mV) in the film. These outcomes represent a significant breakthrough with relevant implications for advanced photonic devices like modulators and detectors. By harnessing fs-laser pulses for BTEY crystallization, our findings offer new avenues for practical device applications.

DNA Fingerprint Technology: Its Application in Detecting Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal forms of cancers, ranking as the third highest cause of malignancies and fatalities. Approximately 88% of patients diagnosed with PC are older than 55 yr. Due to PC's vague symptoms, patients typically visit their doctor only when they experience symptoms of extreme pain and/or after their bile ducts have blocked. This produces symptoms including darkly colored urine, jaundice, and light-colored stools. At this point in the progression of the disease, the tumor has already metastasized. Early detection of PC is critical and justifies the need for innovative techniques to efficiently aid in this process. Current research involves screening different aspects of the disease, imaging techniques, and evaluating blood, urine, cell, and saliva biomarkers. We propose that forensic DNA fingerprinting can be used to establish the role of genetics in PC, and we describe disease inheritance patterns so that relatives can understand the likelihood of developing this lethal malignancy.

Growing through learning – Essential technology enablers

Abstract This contribution motivates the need for innovative techniques when managing growth through learning. It proposes novel forms of content-bound stakeholder interaction and self-managed process control over learning processes. Semantic technologies as learning enablers can help to 'change the game' of business and geo-politics towards greater potential for long-term sustainability. The emerging model is a valuable guide for knowledge-based organizations who are confronted with continuous change and quality requirements related to growth, such as sustainability and traceability.

Reliability of via-in-pad structures in mechanical cycling fatigue

Increased packaging density, along with large-scale implementation of ball grid arrays (BGAs), chip scale packages and DCAs in portable products has resulted in the need for innovative techniques to increase the I/O density in printed circuit boards. With the development of high density interconnect (HDI), via-in-pad has emerged as one of the key enabling technologies for increasing the I/O density. Via-in-pad permits the use of sub-surface layers for fan out and consequently, smaller packages with higher I/O can be utilized in the design. Additionally, since traces no longer need to be routed between pads, the solder joint pitch can also be decreased. The reliability of via-in-pad under mechanical bend fatigue is examined in this study. Mechanical cycling fatigue reliability is especially critical for portable products where keypad actuation often induces repeated bending in the printed circuit board. HDI boards manufactured by both the photovia and the laser via processes were examined. A three dimensional, non-linear, parametric finite element model was developed to predict failure mechanisms. For the bend fatigue experiments, globtop BGA packages were mounted on HDI boards containing via-in-pad structures. The number of cycles required for material fatigue was obtained as a function of applied bending loads. Failure analysis was conducted to determine the failure modes. Experimental results were correlated with finite element predictions.